Rabies

Rabies is caused by a virus carried in the saliva of infected mammals, mainly through bites. In North America wildlife such as bats, raccoons, skunks and foxes are the main reservoirs. The virus travels along nerves to the brain, and signs include behavior changes, aggression or unusual friendliness, drooling, trouble swallowing, paralysis and death. Once signs show, the disease is almost always fatal, and it can infect people.

Rabies vaccination is required by law for dogs in most of the United States and many other countries, which is why the shot is among the core vaccines. If your dog is bitten by or meets a wild animal, or bites a person, call a vet and your local animal authorities. A person who is bitten should wash the wound and see a doctor at once.